Node: Affix Compression, Next: Controlling the Behavior of Run-together Words, Previous: Replacement Tables, Up: Adding Support For Other Languages
Aspell, as of version 0.60, now has support for affix compression. The codebase comes from MySpell found in OpenOffice.
To add support for affix compression add the following lines to the language data file.
affix lang affix-compress true
The line affix
lang adds support for recognizing affix
information, and the line
affix-compress true
enables affix
compression.
The affix file is expected to be named lang
_affix.dat
. It is
the exact same format as those used by MySpell. More information can
be found in the myspell/ directory of the distribution or at
http://lingucomponent.openoffice.org/dictionary.html.
Affix compression can also be used with soundslike lookup. Aspell does this by only storing the soundslike for the root word. When a word is misspelled it will search for a soundslike close to all possible roots of the misspelled word.
When no soundslike information, or the simple soundslike, is used it
may be beneficial to specify the option partially-expand
which will partially expand a word with affix information so that the
affix flags do not effect the first 3 letters of the word. This will
allow Aspell to get more accurate results when scanning the list for near
misses since the full word can be used and not just the root.
Specifying this option, however, will also effectively expand any
prefixes. Thus this option should not be used for prefix heavy
languages such as Hebrew.
An existing word list, without affix info, can be affix compressed
using using aspell munch-list
.
An affix is either a prefix or a suffix attached to root words to make other words. For example supply -> supplied by dropping the "y" and adding an "ied" (the suffix).
Here is an example of how to define one specific suffix borrowed from the English affix file.
SFX D Y 4 SFX D 0 d e SFX D y ied [^aeiou]y SFX D 0 ed [^ey] SFX D 0 ed [aeiou]y
This file is space delimited and case sensitive. So this information can be interpreted as follows:
The first line has 4 fields:
1 | SFX | indicates this is a suffix
|
2 | D | is the name of the character which represents this suffix
|
3 | Y | indicates it can be combined with prefixes (cross product)
|
4 | 4 | indicates that sequence of 4 affix entries are needed to
properly store the affix information
|
The remaining lines describe the unique information for the 4 affix entries that make up this affix. Each line can be interpreted as follows: (note fields 1 and 2 are used as a check against line 1 info)
1 | SFX | indicates this is a suffix
|
2 | D | is the name of the character which represents this affix
|
3 | y | the string of chars to strip off before adding affix (a 0
here indicates the NULL string)
|
4 | ied | the string of affix characters to add (a 0 here
indicates the NULL string)
|
5 | [^aeiou]y | the conditions which must be met before the affix
can be applied
|
Field 5 is interesting. Since this is a suffix, field 5 tells us that there are 2 conditions that must be met. The first condition is that the next to the last character in the word must not be any of the following "a", "e", "i", "o" or "u". The second condition is that the last character of the word must end in "y".
Now for comparison purposes, here is the same information from the
Ispell english.aff
compression file which was used as the basis
for the OOo one.
flag *D: E > D # As in create > created [^AEIOU]Y > -Y,IED # As in imply > implied [^EY] > ED # As in cross > crossed [AEIOU]Y > ED # As in convey > conveyed
The Ispell information has exactly the same information but in a slightly different (case-insensitive) format:
Here are the ways to see the mapping from Ispell .aff format to our OOo format.
*
indicates that it can be combined with prefixes
In addition all chars in ispell aff files are in uppercase.
Affix flags are specified in the word list by specifying them after
the /
character:
word/flags
For example:
create/DG
will associate the D
and G
flag with the word create.