Absolute dynamic marks are specified using an variable after a
note: c4\ff
. The available dynamic marks are \ppp
,
\pp
, \p
, \mp
, \mf
, \f
, \ff
,
\fff
, \fff
, \fp
, \sf
, \sff
,
\sp
, \spp
, \sfz
, and \rfz
:
c'\ppp c\pp c \p c\mp c\mf c\f c\ff c\fff c2\sf c\rfz
A crescendo mark is started with \<
and terminated with
\!
. A decrescendo is started with \>
and also terminated
with \!
. Because these marks are bound to notes, if you must
use spacer notes if multiple marks during one note are needed:
c''\< c''\! d''\decr e''\rced << f''1 { s4 s4\< s4\! \> s4\! } >>
This may give rise to very short hairpins. Use
minimum-length
in Voice.Hairpin to lengthen them, for
example:
\property Staff.Hairpin \override #'minimum-length = #5
You can also use a text saying cresc. instead of hairpins. Here is an example how to do it:
c4 \cresc c4 c c c \endcresc c4
You can also supply your own texts:
\context Voice { \property Voice.crescendoText = \markup { \italic "cresc. poco" } \property Voice.crescendoSpanner = #'dashed-line a'2\< a a a\!\mf }
\dynamicUp
,
\dynamicDown
,
\dynamicBoth
.
Dynamics are objects of DynamicText and Hairpin. Vertical positioning of these symbols is handled by the DynamicLineSpanner object.
If you want to adjust padding or vertical direction of the dynamics, you must set properties for the DynamicLineSpanner object.
This page is for LilyPond-2.0.0 (stable-branch).