mainબુટ લોડર મદદWelcome to Mandriva Linux 2012
Use this menu to select the desired function. If you have problems navigating in this help system, press F1 to enter the helpવર્ણન of the help system. The main functions in this menu are:
harddiskહાર્ડ ડિસ્ક પરથી બુટ: This selection will not do anything to the system. It only starts a previously installed operating system.
linuxઈન્સ્ટોલેશન: This installation mode works on most machines. If you experience a system freeze during boot or problems with detection of your hardware components, such as disk controllers or network cards, try one of the following installation options.
noacpiઈન્સ્ટોલેશન -- ACPI ડિસેબલ્ડ: Many of the currently-sold computers have incomplete or faulty ACPI implementations. This selection disables ACPI support in the kernel, but still enables many performance features, like DMA for IDE hard disks.
nolapicઈન્સ્ટોલેશન -- Local APIC ડિસેબલ્ડ: If the normal installation fails, this might be due to the system hardware not supporting local APIC. If this seems to be the case, use this option to install without local APIC support.
failsafeઈન્સ્ટોલેશન -- સલામતીભર્યા સેટિન્ગસ: If you were not successful with ઈન્સ્ટોલેશન, this selection might solve the issue.
rescueરેસ્ક્યુ સિસ્ટમ: This boot image starts a small Linux system in RAM. This is useful if the system does not start properly. After booting this system, log in as root.
firmwareફર્મવેર ટેસ્ટ: Runs a BIOS test tool that validates ACPI and other parts of your BIOS.
memtestમેમરી ટેસ્ટ: Memory testing is useful for more than checking installation of new memory modules. It is a stress test for a big part of your computer system and may indicate hardware problems.
optબુટ વિકલ્પો: The boot options may change the behavior of your system completely. They are settings for the kernel.
helpF1 Help: This is context sensitive. It will show different screens depending on the active element of the boot screen. There is also a description of this help system available.
keytableF2: Set language and keyboard mapping used by the boot loader.
videomodeF3 Video Mode: Here, choose between different screen resolutions while installing. If you encounter problems with the graphical installation, the ટેક્સ્ટ મોડ may be a work-around for you.
install_srcF4 Installation Source: Choose the installation source.
driverupdateF6 Driver Update: For very new machines, a driver update may be needed to install the system.bitsસોફ્ટવેર પ્રકારની પસંદગીYou have the choice to install the 32-bit or 64-bit version of Mandriva Linux 2012.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદdriverupdateડ્રાયવર અપડેટIf you need a driver update floppy or CD-ROM, press F6. The boot loader asks you to insert the driver update medium after loading the Linux kernel.
A driver update is typically a floppy with new versions of hardware drivers or bug fixes needed during installation.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદfailsafeઈન્સ્ટોલેશન -- સલામતીભર્યા સેટિન્ગસSelect ઈન્સ્ટોલેશન -- સલામતીભર્યા સેટિન્ગસ if you encounter hangs while installing or irreproducible errors. This option disables DMA for IDE drives and all power management features. See also the kernel options for o_apmapm, o_acpiacpi and o_ideide.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદfirmwareફર્મવેર ટેસ્ટStarts a BIOS checker that validates the ACPI tables and many other parts of your BIOS. Test results can be stored on usb disk or saved via network.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદharddiskહાર્ડ ડિસ્ક પરથી બુટSelect બુટ ઈન્સ્ટોલ્ડ OS to start the system installed on your local hard disk. This system must be installed properly, because only the MBR (Master Boot Record) on the first hard disk is started. The device ID of the first hard disk is provided by the BIOS of the computer.
Use this if you forgot to remove the CD or DVD from your drive and want to start the computer from the hard disk.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદhelpમદદ સિસ્ટમ વાપરવીThe boot loader online help is context sensitive. It gives information about the selected menu item or, if you are editing boot options, it tries to look up information about the option in which the cursor is positioned.
Navigation Keys 
  • ઉપર જતું તીર: highlight previous link  • નીચે જતું તીર: highlight next link  • ડાબે જતું તીર, બેકસ્પેસ: return to previous topic  • જમણે જતું તીર, એન્ટર, સ્પેસ: follow link  • ઉપર નું પૃષ્ઠ: scroll up one page  • નીચે નું પૃષ્ઠ: scroll down one page  • ઘર: go to page start  • છેડે: go to page end  • એસ્કેપ: leave help
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદinstall_srcઈન્સ્ટોલેશન સોર્સPress F4 to choose an installation source.
This is the same as using the o_installઈન્સ્ટોલ boot option.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદkeytableભાષા અને કીબોર્ડ લેઆઉટ પસંદગીPress F2 to change language and keyboard layout the boot loader uses.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદlinuxઈન્સ્ટોલેશનSelect ઈન્સ્ટોલેશન to start the default installation. The optબુટ વિકલ્પો entered are used in the start-up. This item activates many features of commonly available hardware.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદmemtestમેમરી ટેસ્ટThe included મેમરી ટેસ્ટ provides good possibilities to stress test the hardware of a system. Its main purpose is to detect broken RAM, but it also stresses many other parts of the system.
There is no guarantee that the memory is good if no errors are found, although most of memory defects will be found.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદnoacpiઈન્સ્ટોલેશન -- ACPI ડિસેબલ્ડCurrent hardware usually requires ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) to control the interrupt handling. ACPI completely replaces the old APM system.
Select ઈન્સ્ટોલેશન -- ACPI ડિસેબલ્ડ if you encounter problems during boot of the kernel. Known problems with machines that have problems with ACPI are: 
  • kernel freezes when booting  • PCI Cards are not detected or initialized properly
You may also try the firmwareફર્મવેર ટેસ્ટ boot option and look at the test results of the ACPI validation.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદnolapicઈન્સ્ટોલેશન -- Local APIC ડિસેબલ્ડNormally there are no problems with the APIC (Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller). But if you seem to have some, try this option to boot without local APIC support.
Please don't confuse this with noacpiACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface).
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદoptબુટ વિકલ્પોThere are two types of boot options available. First, there are options that affect the installer. Second, there are kernel options. Some of the more common options are:
a) installer options 
  • o_installઈન્સ્ટોલ -- select an installation source  • networkનેટવર્ક વિકલ્પો -- the network options  • o_vncvnc વિકલ્પો -- options for installation via VNC
b) kernel options 
  • o_splashસ્પ્લેશ -- influence the behavior of the splash screen  • o_apmapm -- toggle power management  • o_acpiacpi -- advanced configuration and power interface  • o_ideide -- control the IDE subsystem
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદo_hostipo_netmasko_gatewaynetworkઈન્સ્ટોલર વિકલ્પો: નેટવર્ક વિકલ્પોIt is possible to configure the network interface right now. The hardware will be detected later by YaST2. The minimum set of options to configure your network card consists of host IP and netmask. For example: 
  • hostip=192.168.0.10 netmask=255.255.255.0
or in a shorter form: 
  • hostip=192.168.0.10/24
If you specified a o_installનેટવર્ક-બેઝ્ડ ઈન્સ્ટોલ and do not specify both of these options, the installer tries to configure the network interface with dhcp. If you need a default gateway, specify this with the option ગેટવે. For example: 
  • ગેટવે=192.168.0.8
પાછા ફરો optબુટ વિકલ્પોo_acpiકેર્નાલ વિકલ્પો: acpiACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is a standard that defines power and configuration management interfaces between an operating system and the BIOS. By default, acpi is switched on when a BIOS is detected that is newer than from year 2000. There are several commonly used parameters to control the behavior of ACPI: 
  • pci=noacpi -- do not use ACPI to route PCI interrupts  • acpi=oldboot -- only the parts of ACPI that are relevant for booting remain activated  • acpi=off -- switch off ACPI completely  • acpi=force -- switch on ACPI even if your BIOS is dated before 2000
Especially on new computers, it replaces the old o_apmapm system.
પાછા ફરો optબુટ વિકલ્પોo_apmકેર્નાલ વિકલ્પોAPM is one of the two power management strategies used on current computers. It is mainly used with laptops for functions like suspend to disk, but it may also be responsible for switching off the computer after power down. APM relies on a correct working BIOS. If the BIOS is broken, APM may have only limited use or even prevent the computer from working. Therefore, it may be switched off with the parameter 
  • apm=off -- switch off APM completely
Some very new computers may take more advantage from the newer o_acpiACPI.
પાછા ફરો optબુટ વિકલ્પોo_ideકેર્નાલ વિકલ્પો: ideIDE is, unlike SCSI, commonly used in most desktop workstations. To circumvent some hardware problems that occur with IDE systems, use the kernel parameter: 
  • ide=nodma -- switch off DMA for IDE drives
પાછા ફરો optબુટ વિકલ્પોo_installઈન્સ્ટોલર વિકલ્પો: ઈન્સ્ટોલBy default, the local CD-ROMs are searched for the installation source. For a network install, select the ઈન્સ્ટોલ option. Possible installation protocols are 
  • FTP  • NFS  • HTTP
The syntax to use is just like standard URLs. For example, if your server is found at 192.168.0.1 and you want to do an NFS-based install from the directory /install on this server, specify the source as follows: 
  • install=nfs://192.168.0.1/install
The network card will either be configured with dhcp or you must specify the parameters yourself as described in the networkનેટવર્ક વિકલ્પો.
પાછા ફરો optબુટ વિકલ્પોo_splashકેર્નાલ વિકલ્પો: સ્પ્લેશThe splash screen is the picture shown during system start-up. 
  • સ્પ્લેશ=0 -- The splash screen is switched off. This may be useful with very old monitors or if some error occurs.  • સ્પ્લેશ=નકામા શબ્દો -- Activates splash, kernel and boot messages are still shown.  • સ્પ્લેશ=નિશબ્દ -- Activates splash, but no messages. Instead a progress bar is drawn.
પાછા ફરો optબુટ વિકલ્પોo_vncpasswordo_vncઈન્સ્ટોલર વિકલ્પો: vncTo enable the VNC installation, specify the parameters vnc and vncpassword: 
  • vnc=1 vncpassword=example
The VNC server will be started and you may control YaST2 over any VNC client from a remote system.
પાછા ફરો optબુટ વિકલ્પોrescueરેસ્ક્યુ સિસ્ટમThe રેસ્ક્યુ સિસ્ટમ is a small RAM disk base system. From there, it is possible to make all kinds of changes to an installed system. Because only low-level tools are available in this system, it is intended for experts.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદvideomodeવિઇયો મોડ પસંદગીPress F3 to get the list of video modes your graphics card supports. The highest mode your monitor can display is preselected.
It is possible that your monitor cannot be detected automatically. In that case, select your preferred mode manually.
If your system has problems with the graphics card during the installation, the ટેક્સ્ટ મોડ may be a usable work-around.
પાછા ફરો mainબુટ લોડર મદદ