2.2. 画像ウィンドウ

GIMP user interface is now available in two modes: multi-window mode (default), and single-window mode (optional, through Windows>Single-Window Mode. But, if you quit GIMP with this option enabled, GIMP will open in single mode next time).

In single-window mode, no new window is added: images and dialogs are added in tabs. Please see Single Window Mode.

When you start GIMP without any image open, the image window seems to be absent in single-window mode, while, in multi-window mode, an image window exists, even if no image is open.

We will begin with a brief description of the components that are present by default in an ordinary image window. Some of the components can be removed by using commands in the View menu.

図3.5 The Image Window in Multi-Window Mode

The Image Window in Multi-Window Mode

図3.6 The Image Area in Single-Window Mode

The Image Area in Single-Window Mode

[注記] 注記

Despite Single-window Mode, we will we will use image window for image area.

  1. Title Bar: The Title Bar in an image window without an image displays GNU Image Manipulating Program. An image window with an image displays the image name and its specifications in the title bar according to the settings in Preference Dialog. The Title Bar is provided by the operating system, not by GIMP, so its appearance is likely to vary with the operating system, window manager, and/or theme — in Linux systems, this title bar has a button to display the image window on all your desktops. You also have this button in toolbox window and layer window.

    If you have opened a non-xcf image, it is (imported) as a .xcf file and its original name appears in the status bar at the bottom of the image window.

    When an image is modified, an asterisk appears in front of title.

  2. Image Menu: Directly below the Title Bar appears the Menu bar (unless it has been suppressed). The Image Menu provides access to nearly every operation you can perform on an image. You can also right-click on an image to display a pop-up image menu, [2], or by left-clicking on the little arrow-head symbol in the upper left corner, called Menu Button, described just below. Many menu commands are also associated with keyboard shortcuts as shown in the menu. You can define your own custom shortcuts for menu actions, if you enable Use Dynamic Keyboard Shortcuts in the Preferences dialog.

  3. Menu Button: Click the Menu Button to display the Image Menu in a column,(essential in full screen mode). If you like to use keyboard shortcuts, use Shift+F10 to open the menu.

  4. 定規: 初期設定での配置では左辺および上辺に定規があります。 画像上の座標を測るときにご利用ください。 初期設定ではピクセルを単位としていますが、 単位を変えるには後で述べる単位設定のところで行います。

    定規には ガイド (見当線) をつくるというとても重要なはたらきがあります。 定規をクリックしたまま画像上にドラッグしてゆくとガイドが作成できます。 ガイドをたよりに画像内の物体を正確に位置決めしやすくなります。 また画像に現れている線がぴったり水平もしくは垂直になっているかを検証しやすくします。 ガイドはドラッグすると移動ができ、 画像表示の外までドラッグすれば消去できます。 いつでもガイドを画像にドラッグして曳き込めますし、 同時に何本でも置けます。

    In ruler area, the mouse pointer position is marked with two small arrow-heads pointing vertically and horizontally.

  5. クイックマスクモード: 画像表示の左下隅にクイックマスクのオン/オフを切り替える小さなボタンがあります。 クイックマスクが有効な状態ではこのボタンが赤く縁取られます。 クイックマスク の節にはとても便利なこのツールの詳しい解説があります。

  6. ポインターの座標: ポインター (マウスをお使いならばマウスカーソル) を画像の枠内に置くと、 ウィンドウの左下の一区画に現在のポインターの座標が表示されます。 単位は定規と同じです。

  7. 単位メニュー: 定規をはじめいくつかの機能で使われる単位を単位メニューで変更できます。 初期設定ではピクセル単位ですが、 このメニューでインチやセンチメートルをはじめさまざまな尺度に素早く変更できます。表示 メニューの ピクセル等倍 を指定した場合に画像表示の大きさがどう変わるかに注意してください。 ピクセル等倍で表示 にさらに詳しい説明があります。)

  8. Zoom Button: There are a number of ways to zoom the image in or out, but the Zoom Button is perhaps the simplest. You can directly enter a zoom level in the text box for precise control.

  9. Status Area: The Status Area is at the bottom of the image window. By default, the Status Area displays the original name of the image.xcf file, and the amount of system memory used by the image. Please use EditPreferencesImage WindowsTitle & Status to customize the information displayed in the Status Area. During time-consuming operations, the status area temporarily shows the running operation and how complete the operation is.

    [注記] 注記

    Note that the memory used by the image is very different from the image file size. For instance, a 70Kb .PNG image may occupy 246Kb in RAM when displayed. There are two primary reasons the difference in memory usage. First, a .PNG file is compressed format, and the image is reconstituted in RAM in uncompressed form. Second, GIMP uses extra memory, and copies of the image, for use by the Undo command.

  10. 中止ボタン: 大抵はプラグインのような複雑で時間のかかる作業中に、 中止ボタンがウィンドウの右下の区画に一時的に現れます。 中止ボタンをクリックするとその作業を中止できます。

    [注記] 注記

    残念ながら中断するとまずいプラグインがまれにあり、 ときには壊れた画像を残して終了するおそれがあります。

  11. Navigation Control: This is a small cross-shaped button at the lower right corner of the image display. Click and hold (do not release the mouse button) on the navigation control to display the Navigation Preview. The Navigation Preview has a miniature view of the image with the displayed area outlined. Use the Navigation Preview to quickly pan to a different part of the image—move the mouse while keeping the button pressed. The Navigation Window is often the most convenient way to quickly navigate around a large image with only a small portion displayed. (See Navigation Dialog for other ways to access the Navigation Window). (If your mouse has a middle-button, click-drag with it to pan across the image).

  12. Inactive Padding Area: When the image dimensions are smaller than the image window, this padding area separates the active image display and the inactive padding area, so you're able to distinguish between them. You cannot apply any Filters or Operations in general to the inactive area.

  13. 画像表示: 画像ウィンドウのうちで最も重要なのは当然ながら画像表示すなわちキャンバスです。 画像ウィンドウの中央を占め、 黄色の点線が画像とその外部の無色な灰色の背景との境界を示しています。 画像をズーム表示するその段階を調整する方法はいろいろありますが、 以下[?]に述べているズーム調整もそのひとつです。

  14. Image Window Resize Toggle: Without enabling this feature, if you change the size of the image window by click-and-dragging border limits, the image size and zoom does not change. If you make the window larger, for example, then you will see more of the image. If this button is pressed, however, the image resizes when the window resizes so that (mostly) the same portion of the image is displayed before and after the window is resized.

[ヒント] ヒント

Drag and drop an image into the Toolbox window from a file browser to open the image in its own Image window or tab.

Dragging an image file into the Layer dialog adds it to the image as a new layer.

Image size and image window size can be different. You can make image fit window, and vice versa, using two keyboard shortcuts:



[2] アップルマッキントッシュの単ボタンマウスをお使いの方は Ctrl+マウスボタン で代用します。